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Interleukin (IL)-1 Inhibitors Prior Authorization with Quantity Limit Program Summary
Policy Number: PH-1051
This program applies to Blue Partner, Commercial, GenPlus, NetResults A series, SourceRx and Health Insurance Marketplace formularies.
POLICY REVIEW CYCLE
Effective Date |
Date of Origin |
7/1/2023 |
|
FDA APPROVED INDICATIONS AND DOSAGE
Agent(s) |
FDA Indication(s) |
Notes |
Ref# |
Arcalyst® (rilonacept) Subcutaneous injection |
Treatment of Cryopyrin Associated Periodic Syndrome (CAPS), including Familial Cold Auto-Inflammatory Syndrome (FCAS) and Muckle-Wells Syndrome (MWS) in adults and children 12 years and older Maintenance of remission of deficiency of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (DIRA) in adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 10 kg Treatment of recurrent pericarditis (RP) and reduction in risk of recurrence in adults and pediatric patients 12 years and older |
|
1 |
See package insert for FDA prescribing information: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/index.cfm
CLINICAL RATIONALE
Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS) |
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary autoimmune disorder associated with a defect in the cryopyrin protein.(2) CAPS syndrome is caused by a gain of function mutation in the NLRP3 gene leading to over secretion of fever causing cytokine IL-1B.(6) There are three distinct phenotypes related to a defect in the same gene but differ in the organs involved and disease severity.(2) Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS) is the mildest form and more common in the United States. Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) is the intermediate phenotype and more common in Europe. Neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) is the least common disease and is the most severe form.(3) An international task force recommends both of the following diagnostic criteria need to be present for a diagnosis of CAPS and its subtypes:(6)
FCAS is characterized by a hive-like rash that is associated with exposure to cold and other environmental triggers and with symptoms lasting up to 24 hours.(2) Patients experience urticaria, arthralgia, fever with chills, severe thirst, red-eyes, and headache after a general cold exposure, including air conditioning. In MWS, inflammation can occur spontaneously as well as from triggers, such as stress, cold, or exercise, with episodes lasting from one to three days. MWS shares the same characteristics as FCAS, but is also characterized by renal amyloidosis, sensorineural hearing loss, and conjunctivitis. Hearing loss, partial or complete, often develop by teenage years.(3)
NOMID is characterized by neonatal onset of cutaneous symptoms along with fever with inflammation in multiple organ systems. NOMID shares most of the same characteristics with FCAS and MWS, but also has more severe arthropathy, chronic urticaria, and CNS involvement. CNS manifestations range from hearing loss to aseptic meningitis and mental disabilities. Arthropathy typically affects the large joints, resulting in joint enlargement and functional disability.(3)
Interleukin (IL)-1- beta inhibitors (anakinra, rilonacept, and canakinumab) have shown effectiveness in preventing and alleviating symptoms of CAPS and reducing levels of inflammatory indices, including serum amyloid A.(2) Treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, and glucocorticoids were offered only some patients partial symptom control.(3) |
Deficiency of the IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (DIRA) |
Deficiency of the IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (DIRA) syndrome is a relatively new autoinflammatory disease linked to activation of the IL-1 pathway. The DIRA syndrome is distinct from the cryopyrinopathies by its neonatal onset of sterile multifocal osteomyelitis, periostitis, and neutrophilic pustulosis.(7) DIRA is caused by a loss of function of the endogenous IL-1 receptor antagonist, which results in unopposed proinflammatory signaling via cytokines IL-1alpha and IL-1beta on IL-1 receptor type 1. There has been a common homozygous mutation in the IL1RN gene detected in a number of patients. DIRA has similar cutaneous and systemic features as infantile pustular psoriasis and SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) syndrome. The diagnosis of DIRA can be confirmed via genetic testing.(7) DIRA is extremely responsive to IL-1 blockade and anakinra has been used empirically. The FDA approved anakinra as treatment for DIRA and rilonacept as maintenance therapy once a patient has achieved remission of DIRA.(8) |
Recurrent Pericarditis |
Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardial layers around the heart and is the most common form of pericardial disease. Pericarditis may be caused infections, post-cardiac injury syndrome, or pericarditis may be idiopathic. Pericarditis is categorized into four types, acute, incessant, recurrent, and chronic. These categories are based on the length of time of the attack and the presentation. Acute pericarditis is an event lasting 4 weeks or less, incessant is an event lasting more than 4 weeks without a remission, recurrent pericarditis is new signs and symptoms of pericarditis after a symptom-free interval of 4 to 6 weeks, and chronic is an event lasting more than 3 months. Roughly 20% to 30% of patients that develop acute pericarditis will have recurrences, and 50% of patients that have a recurrence will experience more recurrences.(9) The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines indicate that acute pericarditis is diagnosed based on the presence of at least 2 of the 4 following criteria:(10)
Elevated inflammatory markers (i.e., C-reactive protein [CRP], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], and white blood cell [WBC] count elevation) and evidence of pericardial inflammation by imaging may help diagnose the disease and monitor disease activity.(10)
The ESC guidelines recommend the following for the treatment of recurrent pericarditis:(10)
The American College of Cardiology note that mycophenolate mofetil and methotrexate have also been shown to be effective in the treatment of recurrent pericarditis that are not responsive to corticosteroids, corticosteroid dependent, or intolerant to corticosteroids.(9) |
Safety(1) |
Arcalyst does not have any FDA labeled contraindications. |
REFERENCES
Number |
Reference |
1 |
Arcalyst prescribing information. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. May 2021. |
2 |
American College of Rheumatology. Cryopyrin-Associated Autoinflammatory Syndromes. Updated December 2021. Available at: https://www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Cryopyrin-Associated-Autoinflammatory-Syndrome-CAPS-Juvenile. |
3 |
Yu, J. R., & Leslie, K. S. (2010). Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: an update on diagnosis and treatment response. Current allergy and asthma reports, 11(1), 12-20. |
4 |
|
5 |
|
6 |
Kuemmerle-Deschner JB, Ozen S, Tyrrell PN, et al. Diagnostic criteria for cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS). Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:942. |
7 |
Cowen EW, Goldbach-Mansky R. DIRA, DITRA, and new insights into pathways of skin inflammation: what's in a name? Arch Dermatol 2012; 148:381. |
8 |
Aksentijevich I, Masters SL, Ferguson PJ, et al. An autoinflammatory disease with deficiency of the interleukin-1-receptor antagonist. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:2426. |
9 |
Chiabrando JG, Bonaventura A, Vecchié A, et al. Management of Acute and Recurrent Pericarditis: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:76. |
10 |
Adler Y, Charron P, Imazio M, et al. 2015 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pericardial diseases: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2015;36:2921–64. |
POLICY AGENT SUMMARY PRIOR AUTHORIZATION
Target Brand Agent(s) |
Target Generic Agent(s) |
Strength |
Targeted MSC |
Available MSC |
Preferred Status |
Effective Date |
|
||||||
Arcalyst |
Rilonacept For Inj 220 MG |
220 MG |
M ; N ; O ; Y |
N |
|
|
POLICY AGENT SUMMARY QUANTITY LIMIT
Target Brand Agent Name(s) |
Target Generic Agent Name(s) |
Strength |
QL Amount |
Dose Form |
Day Supply |
Duration |
Addtl QL Info |
Allowed Exceptions |
Targeted NDCs When Exclusions Exist |
Effective Date |
|
||||||||||
Arcalyst |
Rilonacept For Inj 220 MG |
220 MG |
8 |
VIALS |
28 |
DAYS |
|
|
|
|
CLIENT SUMMARY – PRIOR AUTHORIZATION
Target Brand Agent Name(s) |
Target Generic Agent Name(s) |
Strength |
Client Formulary |
Arcalyst |
Rilonacept For Inj 220 MG |
220 MG |
Blue Partner ; Commercial ; GenPlus ; Health Insurance Marketplace ; NetResults A Series ; SourceRx |
CLIENT SUMMARY – QUANTITY LIMITS
Target Brand Agent Name(s) |
Target Generic Agent Name(s) |
Strength |
Client Formulary |
Arcalyst |
Rilonacept For Inj 220 MG |
220 MG |
Blue Partner ; Commercial ; GenPlus ; Health Insurance Marketplace ; NetResults A Series ; SourceRx |
PRIOR AUTHORIZATION CLINICAL CRITERIA FOR APPROVAL
Module |
Clinical Criteria for Approval |
|
Initial Evaluation Target Agent(s) will be approved when ALL of the following are met:
Compendia Allowed: AHFS or DrugDex 1 or 2a level of evidence Length of Approval: 12 months NOTE: If Quantity Limit applies, please refer to Quantity Limit Criteria.
Renewal Evaluation Target Agent(s) will be approved when ALL of the following are met:
Length of Approval: 12 months NOTE: If Quantity Limit applies, please refer to Quantity Limit Criteria. |
QUANTITY LIMIT CLINICAL CRITERIA FOR APPROVAL
Module |
Clinical Criteria for Approval |
|
Quantity Limit for the Target Agent(s) will be approved when ONE of the following is met:
Length of Approval: 12 months |
CONTRAINDICATION AGENTS
Contraindicated as Concomitant Therapy |
Agents NOT to be used Concomitantly Adbry (tralokinumab-ldrm) Actemra (tocilizumab) Amjevita (adalimumab-atto) Arcalyst (rilonacept) Avsola (infliximab-axxq) Benlysta (belimumab) Cibinqo (abrocitinib) Cimzia (certolizumab) Cinqair (reslizumab) Cosentyx (secukinumab) Dupixent (dupilumab) Enbrel (etanercept) Entyvio (vedolizumab) Fasenra (benralizumab) Humira (adalimumab) Ilaris (canakinumab) Ilumya (tildrakizumab-asmn) Inflectra (infliximab-dyyb) Infliximab Kevzara (sarilumab) Kineret (anakinra) Nucala (mepolizumab) Olumiant (baricitinib) Opzelura (ruxolitinib) Orencia (abatacept) Otezla (apremilast) Remicade (infliximab) Renflexis (infliximab-abda) Riabni (rituximab-arrx) Rinvoq (upadacitinib) Rituxan (rituximab) Rituxan Hycela (rituximab/hyaluronidase human) Ruxience (rituximab-pvvr) Siliq (brodalumab) Simponi (golimumab) Simponi ARIA (golimumab) Skyrizi (risankizumab-rzaa) Sotyktu (deucravacitinib) Stelara (ustekinumab) Taltz (ixekizumab) Tezspire (tezepelumab-ekko) Tremfya (guselkumab) Truxima (rituximab-abbs) Tysabri (natalizumab) Xeljanz (tofacitinib) Xeljanz XR (tofacitinib extended release) Xolair (omalizumab) Zeposia (ozanimod) |
This pharmacy policy is not an authorization, certification, explanation of benefits or a contract. Eligibility and benefits are determined on a case-by-case basis according to the terms of the member’s plan in effect as of the date services are rendered. All pharmacy policies are based on (i) information in FDA approved package inserts (and black box warning, alerts, or other information disseminated by the FDA as applicable); (ii) research of current medical and pharmacy literature; and/or (iii) review of common medical practices in the treatment and diagnosis of disease as of the date hereof. Physicians and other providers are solely responsible for all aspects of medical care and treatment, including the type, quality, and levels of care and treatment.
The purpose of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Alabama’s pharmacy policies are to provide a guide to coverage. Pharmacy policies are not intended to dictate to physicians how to practice medicine. Physicians should exercise their medical judgment in providing the care they feel is most appropriate for their patients.
Neither this policy, nor the successful adjudication of a pharmacy claim, is guarantee of payment.
Commercial _ PS _ Interleukin (IL)-1 Inhibitors Prior Authorization with Quantity Limit _ProgSum_ 7/1/2023